Beeswax has no direct harmful effects on humans or larger animals. When combined with medicinal ingredients or baits, it can prolong their activity and release them slowly over time. It is an excellent electrical insulator and, when saponified with borax, forms long-lasting, stable emulsions ideal for cosmetics. Beeswax also offers anti-inflammatory and antioxidant benefits. Naturally inert and highly pliable (and not the unpleasant kind of “plastic”), it provides protection against corrosion, abrasion, and moisture loss. Commercially, beeswax is used in metal casting, candle making, cosmetics, textiles, varnishes, food processing, and especially in preserving foods such as cheeses. Other natural animal waxes include whale wax and wool wax from sheep.
Beeswax candles have been used for thousands of years. The ancient Egyptians crafted candles and used beeswax in embalming, while the Greeks and Romans incorporated beeswax candles into religious rituals and home lighting. During the Middle Ages, beeswax candles were a prized luxury, reserved for royalty, the wealthy, and churches, whereas poorer households relied on tallow candles, which burned with strong odours and dark smoke. The popularity of beeswax candles declined with the arrival of electricity, yet their appeal endures: beeswax candles burn cleanly, release natural negative ions, carry a subtle honey aroma, and provide a sustainable, eco-friendly alternative to soy and paraffin candles.